Saudi Arabia & Bahrain Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Saudi Arabia & Bahrain Economy - Essay Example Approximately 40% of the GDP originates from the private sector. On average, the basket oil price for OPEC was about $77.20 for every barrel during the first quarter of 2010 and $44.79 in 2009 in the same period. It recorded about 77.4 percent in global recovery based on revived demand for energy in the world and increased confidence in business (GulfBaseb, 2015). In April 2010, the basket oil price for OPEC was $82.33 for every barrel compared to $50.20 per barrel in 2009 and $105.16 in 2008. During the peak levels, the prices of oil were at $147.27 per barrel in the international market in 2008 because of a rise in energy demand and geo-political risks witnessed in the Middle East. The prices of oil plunged more due to the economic and financial crisis witnessed during the same period (Heritage, 2015). In an aim to diversify its economy and attract foreign investment, Saudi Arabia has started off with huge projects, such as establishing six economic cities in various parts around the Kingdom to facilitate balanced growth. From 2003 to 2008, Saudi Arabia has witnessed considerable growth in its economy regardless of the high production and oil prices. The other sectors, particularly real-estate and construction industries have contributed significantly to the economy. Both the public and private sectors have played a major role, since increased spending by the government and foreign direct investment (FDI) have supported a sustainable and effective non-oil economy. After realizing exceptional growth due to oil revenues fostered by external forces for six years, the demand for world energy declined considerably because of the economic and financial crisis, leading to a tremendous decline in prices of oil. All countries globally felt the influence including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabi a in 2009. Nonetheless, Saudi Arabia was slightly affected among GCC countries as a result of

The Crisis Manchuria And Abyssinia

The Crisis Manchuria And Abyssinia I completely agree with this judgment, since the Manchurian and Abyssinian crisis did in fact fatally weaken the League of Nations. One could almost argue that both crises led to the destruction of the League, as they could be seen as the first links in a chain of events that led to the Second World War, which was to be entirely prevented by the birth of the League of Nations. The League proved to be incompetent, as it could not deal with both crises effectively. For instance, It was powerless against Japan (initiator of the Manchurian crisis) and Italy (initiator of the Abyssinian crisis), due to the league having no army to enforce its policies (It could only impose sanctions and a ban from the League), hence weakening itself, and ultimately leading to its destruction. However, it is also important to identify the weaknesses of the League that existed prior, as they may have guided the League into its fatal state. The devastation of the First World War horrified countries worldwide, with people living in fear and anguish, hoping to never encounter such an event again. To their salvation, the League of Nations was created, promising to maintain global peace and to prevent a Second World War. The League was established in 1919, under the sheer will of President Wilson, who wanted the League to be seen as a type of World Parliament. Here, international disputes or interests could be discussed formally, without the violent use of force. He also hoped that the League would stop all wars, improve peoples lives and jobs, improve public health, put an end to slavery, persuade nations to agree to disarmament (as this would make war impossible) and to enforce the Treaty of Versailles which acted as a peace treaty. Countries were in favor of these ideas, resulting in forty-two countries joining the League initially, which ascended to around sixty countries in the 1930s, strengthening the Leagues interna tional power. However, Even though the intentions of the League were positive, it failed miserably, as the League was incapable to deal with the major international disputes as it promised it could. The late 1930s put the Leagues true power to the test. During this decade, there was a world-wide economic Depression, where Japan was majorly affected. Japans government failed to deal with the Depression, and thus decided that it would have to occupy the whole of Manchuria (In China) as an only solution. This would have enabled Japan to have access to the regions valuable resources of coal and iron in an era where it was already difficult to purchase these vital raw materials. Japan, to it convenience, was soon provided with an opportunity to invade Manchuria. On 18 September 1931 a bomb exploded on the railway close to Mukden, where Chinese and Japanese soldiers were stationed. Japan instantly blamed on the Chinese, which instantly provided the desired excuse for Japan to occupy Mukde n and the entire southern Manchuria. China being a member of the League of Nations (Japan was too) desperately plead the League to help. Due to the weak organization of the League, the response to Chinas problem almost took an entire year. However, in response the council of the League asked Japan to withdraw its back to the railway region in Mukden. However, Japan decided not to do so, and turned Manchuria into a Satellite state of Manchukuo. Shortly after, Japan left the League of Nations, as it had no more further interests in the League. Its essential trades were offered by the USA; therefore the Leagues policy of sanctions was ineffective, as the USA never joined the League of Nations, giving Japan no economical punishment. The Geneva Protocol  [1]  was never ratified, therefore the League did not have an army to take military action, and war was absolutely out of the question. Britain (Head of the League of Nations), however, did not urge to take action against Japan, si nce neither the Government nor the people desired to fight a war purely without central British interests. Therefore the league was powerless in taking action against Japan, fatally weakening it. Some members of the League noticed this failure and realized how ineffective the League of Nations really is, and thus left the League, weakening it further. The Great Powers of the League  [2]  were unwilling use force against Japan, because of the self interest of a Great power (Britain) in Japans actions. Britain had secretly supported Japan and shared sympathy with Japanese action in Manchuria. And similar to Japan, Britain had some commercial interests in China, which were threatened by the ongoing chaos and civil wars. Therefore Japans invasion seemed to restore order to this issue, pleasing the British. This weakened the League, as the League could not take any action against Japan since a Great Power of the League secretly supported its actions. A few years later, in Europe, another fairly similar crisis began. Italy was trying to distract its people from the economic Depression, and therefore wanted to erect a large empire in Northern Africa. By invading Abyssinia, Italy would not only be provided with land for Italian settlers, but also connect Italian Somaliland with Eritrea, therefore putting most of the Horn-region of Africa under Italian rule. Mussolini  [3]  , by 1932, began his plans to invade Abyssinia, and On December 1934 Italian forces began to clash with Abyssinian troops and shortly after, in October, the long-desired invasion of Abyssinia began. Mussolini had no doubt that neither Britain nor France would intervene with his plans, giving him the perfect invasion plan and opportunity. However, while the French Foreign Minister, Laval, was promising Mussolini a free hand, Britain tried by all means necessary to find a compromise. Britain wanted to offer Mussolini a territorial compensation elsewhere or negot iate an arrangement which would give Italy effective control over Abyssinia avoiding a Formal Annexation. This already suggests that the Abyssinian crisis fatally weakened the League of Nations, since the League changed its policies (a Volte-face) when France supported the invasion and mostly when Britain offered Italy other suggestions of gaining territory. The policies of the League were collapsing and with it the league. Italy neglected the offers suggested by Britain and pursued its invasion of Abyssinia. In 18 October, the League condemned Mussolini and imposed a ban on weapon sales along with a gradually ascending program of sanctions. This had no effect, hence rendering the League powerless and fatally weakening the League. In the meantime, Britain and France were searching for an alternative compromise to Italys invasion. Pierre Laval and British Foreign Minister, Sir Samuel Hoare, created a secret plan that may have been suitable for Mussolini. It involved giving Italy control over only two-thirds of Abyssinia. However, the plan was secretive and illegal and it somehow leaked into the French Press, which ultimately resulted in the resignation of Sir Hoare and the dropping of the plan. In addition, the League did not ban any oil exports to Italy, which was a vital trade, and the Suez Canal, where Italian ships could drift through, was refused to be closed because Britain feared war. Mussolini ha d no obstacles in his way and by May 1936 had overrun Abyssinia. Hence no action was taken against the invasion of Abyssinia, weakening the league, as it was powerless and ineffective in stopping the invasion. Both Powers Britain and France also feared the diplomatic consequences of alienating Italy over Abyssinia. Not only did the Abyssinian Crisis fatally weaken the League, but also provide Hitler with an ideal opportunity to remilitarize the Rhineland and recreate an all-powerful Nazi-Germany. This was to be entirely prevented by the League, as the Treaty of Versailles did not allow Germany to have an army, since she already began the First World War. Furthermore, the Franco-Italian friendship was destroyed and replaced by the Rome-Berlin Alliance (Axis), which enabled Hitler to absorb Austria in 1938 without Italian opposition, creating an even more powerful Germany. The Axis also threatened British and French communication in the Mediterranean, which would ultimately weaken the potential in future response, under German or even Japanese aggression. Soon after, Germany gathered sufficient power and the Second World War was inevitable. Overall, this fatally weakened the League of Nations and ultimately led to its destruction, because Germany was able to rebuild and become a strong Power agai n which later on led to the Second World War, where both were to be entirely prevented by the League. Members of the League realized ineffectiveness of the League and instead left the League to prepare for war, fatally weakening the League as it no longer had loyal members. The League created more problems than solutions, weakening itself, since it should have been in control which it was not. Instead of finding an effective solution to solve the crisis, it somehow found a way to damage itself and put itself under risk, ultimately destroying it. The Manchurian and Abyssinian crisis did in fact fatally weaken the League of Nations. One could almost argue that both crises led to the destruction of the League, as they could be seen as the first links in a chain of events that led to the Second World War, which was to be entirely prevented by the birth of the League of Nations. The League proved to be incompetent, as it could not deal with both crises effectively. For instance, it was powerless against Japan in its invasion of Manchuria, since the League had no army to fight against Japanese aggression. Also the self interest Britain had in Manchuria provided Japan with protection, therefore fatally weakening the League. In the Abyssinian crisis, the League was powerless once more and could not take any action against Italy as they favored Italy (to support against Nazi-Germany) rather than the loss of Abyssinia. It tried to implement sanctions and a ban on sales of weapons, but this had no effect on Italy. Due to the failure in Abyssinia, Germany was capable of rebuilding, and thus ultimately leading to a Second World War. Members of knew that a Second World Was threatened, hence fatally weakening the League as it no longer had loyal members. The Abyssinian and Manchurian crises fatally weakened the League of Nations and ultimately led to its destruction.

Attention Deficit Disorder Essay -- Health, Diseases

After a long day of hard work, I was exhausted and really hungry; I hear my stomach making weird noises. I grabbed the keys from the kitchen's table and put my sweater on. I decided to eat something fast but healthy. While I was driving to Wendy's, I was thinking about my order: a large salad, with a large orange juice and bowl of fruit. I was waiting for my turn when I saw Suzy, one of my old friends from high school, she was on the first table with the cutest, adorable, talkative and charming girl I ever seen. As I was approaching her to said hi, I hear this little girl screaming six times on top of her lungs â€Å"HOT DOG!† then she pulled the mat off the table, spilled the water in the table and threw the silverware to the waitress. I was in shock, I couldn't believe that this little girl was capable of doing this scene in front of many people. Everyone keeps looking at her and I hear them murmuring â€Å" What's the matter with them?† â€Å"What kind of mom is she ?† or â€Å"Why they can control that little girl?†. I saw her face of embarrassment, she quickly asked for the bill and left. I felt bad for her but I was wondering why this little girl acted like that. Is it really bad parenting? Or a more serious problem? After I while I discover about this disorder called ADD ( Attention Deficit Disorder), but what causes this disease, what are the symptoms, or what is the treatment? Attention Deficit Disorder or also know as ADD has been called in different forms and terms but synonymously ADD is called ADHD ( Attention Hyperactivity Disorder) but speaking in medical terms they differentiate in many ways. â€Å" According to the DSM-III both types involve difficulty with attention† (Phelan 13). In one hand ADHD can be described as a disorder with att... ...mad at you and to feel like you haven't been let in on the secret. Get in a support group. It is helpful for you and your children to understand that you are not the only one living like this. Never, never give up!! There are some valuable lifelong lessons to learn.† (Hallowell 12) And the most important Attention deficit children need help because they can succeed in social areas if extra help is provided for them. â€Å" Whatever the case, the ADD child needs to be attended to. He or she should not be written as lazy, stupid, or badly behaved. With the proper intervention, the ADD child can be helped.† (Woliver 48) There are parent support groups as well as family therapy. ADD can be considered as a family matter because the relationships are strained or breaking down. This therapies help them to avoid blame and check what problems have caused this.

Ezra pound’s poem Essay

As far as linguistics is concerned with the study of human language. And as it is known for anyone who is specialised in the field, it is divided into branches that consist of semantics which is the study of meaning at the level of words and concepts, at the second stage comes semiotics which means the use of symbols ,images to convey meaning, and thirdly we have pragmatics where meaning is understood through the context. So our attempt in this essay is the study of Ezra Pound’s poem ‘The Garden ‘from three perspectives, semantically, semiotically and pragmatically. â€Å"The Garden† is a free verse poem written by Ezra Pound. It was first published in 1913 in the collection â€Å"Poetry: A Magazine of Verse†, then as part of his collection â€Å"Lustra† in 1916. The poem is comprised of four stanzas.(Alexander). When reading the poem at a first glance the reader may notice that Pound is describing a young woman who has been born into the wealth of society and has grown up isolated from it. In the first stanza the poet compares the young woman to a softy length. Then the silk is loose, much like the young woman who seem to be lost. Next, the poet refers to the woman’s mental state. â€Å"She is dying piece-meal of a sort of emotional anaemia†. So, anaemia is a condition to feel weak and tired and suggests the lack of vitality. In the second stanza, the poet is referring to a number of lower class children ‘rabble fifthly, sturdy, unkillable infants of the very poor†. Besides, the following line states that â€Å"they shall inherit the earth â€Å"which refers to the aristocratic category in Britain. Ezra Pound then makes a direct referencing to the woman’s excessive boredom when he says â€Å"her boredom is exquisite and excessive â€Å". Thus, the poem ends with the women’s desire to speak to somebody. In other words, Ezra Pound uses a number of literary techniques such as: symbols, simile and metaphor. At the beginning of the poem we can remark that the poet uses a SIMILE, the very first line † like a skein of loose silk blown against a wall†, the poet here compares one of the poem’s protagonists ( the young lady ) to an exquisite material which is silk.†. The image of the silk blowing up against a wall is pregnant, somehow, with a  power which only grows the more familiar the image becomes.† (Sarah, Tuesday, March 1, 2011) . Therefore, throughout the poem we learn that the woman, who is the basis of the comparison, is one of noble youth walking along a path in Kensington Gardens. Pound ends the stanza with a metaphor, this time directed at the woman’s mental state. â€Å"She is dying piece-meal, of a sort of emotional anaemia†. In more specific term, anaemia is a condition in which red blood cells in your body are lacking, causing the sufferer to feel weak and tired. So that, in the poem the protagonist appears to feel totally tired of her position. The woman is also described as emotionally anaemic which suggests the death of the upper class. Stanza two introduces the â€Å"rabble† of the lower class. So, these three lines symbolise the dying aristocracy by the contrast to the â€Å"unkillable infants of the very poor†. For instance, the use of paradox in semiotic terms is stated in the forth stanza. Yet, the intensive desire of the lonely woman to speak to someone is morally and socially unacceptable for a woman of noble status to associate with anyone outside her own class. As far as the pragmatic interpretation is concerned, the poet came to evoke his hidden messages. The title itself â€Å"The Garden† may refer to the biblical belief â€Å"The Garden of Eden†. Furthermore, pound uses many words that have a hidden meaning such as† Anaemia† .This latter, suggests the death of the upper class. Moreover, in the third stanza the phrase â€Å"In her is the end of breeding† there’s a nice double meaning here. â€Å"The end of breeding† because she lacks the vitality to produce another generation, and so her class of people will die out, but also because she shows the result of elegance. The next line states that â€Å"They shall inherit the earth†. Here, the poet is referring to the fall of aristocracy in Britain at that time, when contrasted with the increase of the lower classes. Then, â€Å"The â€Å"exquisite and excessive† boredom is that carried by generation upon generation of women who are familiar with the sound of men’s hearts shattering† (Alexander) .So, the forth stanza handle the fear of the woman and therefore the indiscretion must be committed ‘I will commit that indiscretion’. To sum up, we may say that this poem is talking about a young woman who has been born into the wealth of society. And has grown up isolated from it. She  has absolutely everything and yet she longs for something more. She is bored of being proper and feels just like a shadow. For instance, the analysis of the poem into three different perspectives (semantic, semtiotic and pragmatic) allows us to go further in order to understand a poem from different angles. BIBLIOGRAPHIE Alexander, T. (n.d.). _Comment on Ezra Pound’s poem_. Retrieved from http://www.helium.com/items/2260126-poetry-analysis-the-garden-by-ezra-pound Sarah, J. (Tuesday, March 1, 2011). _Talking about poems just for the pleasure of it._ Froula, Christine. A Guide to Ezra Pound’s Selected Poems. New York Doubleday & Co., Inc.

Short Term Preparation Refers to the Period Prior

) Short Term Preparation Refers to the Period Prior to a Competitive Performance Using the Headings Physiological, Psychological and Technical. Outline the Strategies and Considerations Elite Athletes Take Into Account By Abscissa PEE Essay Question IQ) Short term preparation refers to the period prior to a competitive performance using the headings physiological, psychological and technical. Outline the strategies and considerations elite athletes take into account in their short term preparation for global games. Marks) Prior to an event/performance an athlete will need to do an effective warm-up, this will increase the athletes heart rate, increases the temperature of muscles to an optimum level this will reduce the risk of injury. The four stages of an effective warm up are gross motor activity e. G. Jogging, stretching e. G. PEN, dynamic stretching. Also there is sports specific exercise and skills e. G. Passing drills this is done for the opening of neural pathways and the prep aration of firing patterns.Closer to a major event and elite athlete should taper there training this is done so that the athlete is able to rest their body in order to perform at their optimum level during events, however all training should not be stopped during this period technique and skill training can be done. An athlete should also monitor their sleep pattern to get enough sleep in-between training and their events e. G. The British swim team were on different sleeping patterns during the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.A factor the athlete should consider is the new form of Carr- loading however this should only be used if the athlete is participating in a endurance event, if the athlete is a power athlete they may use creative supplements o increase their PC stores as they will be using the TAP-PC system during their event. Another factor the athlete should consider in their diet is hydration, the athlete should take isotonic fluid before and during the event/ training and t ake hypersonic fluids after the event/training this is so that the athlete is able to replenish ions such as Ca+ and An+ lost thorough sweat.The athlete would also need to acclimates to the climate of the venue, if the climate is hot the athlete would need to adapt to these conditions, an example of when an athlete didn't acclimates and it lead to a or performance is Lenox Lewis didn't acclimates properly when he was fighting against Raman which lead to him losing. To reach an optimum level of arousal the athlete should use mental preparation techniques such as watching previous good performances.Drive theory that was developed by Cajon states that if an athlete's anxiety increases it will lead to their dominant performance to come out. For the athlete to reach their optimum level of arousal they can visit the venue and over aroused or they can listen to music that will psyche them up if they over roused, to get to their optimum level of arousal athletes could also use routine howev er this will be need to be perfected over a long period of time, An example of this is Joe Callaghan used the same routine before every fight and he remained unbeaten throughout his entire career.If it's a team in order to be working positively there must be good group cohesion and team spirit to get the entire team going to the same direction. To prepare for the opposition the athlete should watch tapes of the opposition from this an athlete will be able to highlight the opposition strengths ND weaknesses, technology such as Prone can be used to analyses opposition and work out playing patterns and ways to play against them. Also athletes can use Dwarfish to perfect there technique.For technical preparation the athlete must check that the equipment that they are using is suitable for the playing surface and climate also they should use taping and strapping to prevent injuries. Also recovering aids can be used e. G. The Australian Team used Ice Vests in the 2000 Olympic Games in Syd ney as they climate there was very hot the ice vests would cool the athletes down. Also hypoxia chambers can be used e. G. The England Football team had built in hypoxia tents in there hotel rooms before World Cup 2010 in South Africa.The athlete should also use holding camps this will help them prepare for the competition as is would get them away from friends, family and media if would allow them to use world class facilities with world class coaching. Also coaches can monitor everything that athletes do within the holding camps, an example of when a holding camp was used was before the World Cup 2010 in South Africa the England squad used Restrung as their holding camp.